Inventory emissions and avoided-emissions claims

Define the inventory question

An inventory accounts for specified emissions within a reporting boundary and method. Its covered activity and sources determine the total. A number cannot be understood without those definitions.

Define the comparison behind an action claim

An avoided-emissions estimate compares a modeled action with a defined counterfactual. The result depends on that baseline, time horizon and system coverage. It is not automatically an amount that can be subtracted from the inventory.

Report distinct quantities separately

Keep the label from proving the result

A product described as low carbon does not by itself establish its avoided-emissions effect. Trace the calculation and assumptions, and avoid netting unlike quantities into one reassuring total.