CAIA resources
Alternative investments and portfolio applications
- Tools
Single-sum present and future value calculator
Move one amount backward or forward over a stated count of equal periods.
- Tools
Study-hours planner
Calculate an average weekly and daily workload from your own study target.
- Tools
Trade-credit discount cost calculator
Compare an invoice discount, two annualization conventions and a stated funding model.
- Worked examples
Decomposing an uneven stream into an annuity and an extra payment
Check cash-flow additivity using two representations of the same dated stream.
- Worked examples
Building and reconciling a common-size balance sheet
Divide each selected amount by the same asset base without counting subtotals twice.
- Worked examples
Why paying current debt can raise the current ratio and lower the cash ratio
Trace both numerator and denominator changes in a stated cash repayment.
- Worked examples
Calculating a cash cycle with separate flow bases
Reconstruct each days measure before combining the result.
- Worked examples
How the debt definition changes a leverage ratio
Compare interest-bearing debt with total liabilities using the same equity base.
- Worked examples
Funding the discounted invoice amount
Compare cash costs over the actual gap between payment dates under a stated simple-rate model.
- Worked examples
Reconciling all five DuPont factors
Use the full precision of each factor and check the product against direct ROE.
- Worked examples
Checking nearby order quantities around EOQ
Compare the objective value rather than assuming a rounded quantity is automatically optimal.
- Worked examples
A finite annuity compared with the perpetuity limit
Compare a bounded payment stream with an infinite stream under the same positive rate.
- Worked examples
A level-payment amortization model
Derive a payment from an annuity factor and separate interest from principal.
- Worked examples
Comparing current, quick and cash ratio components
Use one liability denominator and three explicitly defined numerators.
- Worked examples
Interpreting debt ratios when equity is negative
Identify why a negative debt-to-equity quotient is not a low-leverage signal.
- Worked examples
NPV of unequal annual cash-flow amounts
Discount an initial outflow and three unequal annual receipts.
- Worked examples
Comparing ordinary and due annuity values
Shift each payment one period earlier while preserving the valuation date.
- Worked examples
Purchases versus COGS in payable days
Show why an inventory movement changes the flow used for a payables comparison.
- Worked examples
Quarterly and annual discounting of the same payment
Check that an effective annual conversion preserves the value of a dated single sum.
- Worked examples
Future value of end-quarter deposits
Use a quarterly rate, quarterly payment count and a defined final date.
- Worked examples
Reconciling assets, liabilities and retained earnings
Use the accounting equation and explicit equity-component assumptions.
- Worked examples
The same ROE from different factors
Separate an equal headline ratio from its different arithmetic components.
- Worked examples
Reallocating weights after a sector exclusion
Calculate pro-rata weights and distinguish them from an optimized portfolio.